Leipzig, The University of Akron, UNITED STATES
(2021) Brain organoid formation on decellularized porcine brain ECM hydrogels. These results indicate that B-ECM hydrogels can be used as an alternative scaffold for human cerebral organoid formation, and may be further optimized for improved organoid growth by further improving protein retention other than collagen after decellularization.Ĭitation: Simsa R, Rothenbücher T, Gürbüz H, Ghosheh N, Emneus J, Jenndahl L, et al.
hESCs cultured in B-ECM hydrogels showed gene expression and differentiation outcomes similar to those grown in Matrigel. Rheological results revealed stable hydrogel formation, starting from B-ECM hydrogel concentrations of 5 mg/mL. We found that the native brain source material was successfully decellularized with little remaining DNA content, while Mass Spectrometry (MS) showed the loss of several brain-specific proteins, while mainly different collagen types remained in the B-ECM. Then, we compared the growth of human brain organoid models with the B-ECM hydrogel or Matrigel controls in vitro. We decellularized pig brains with a novel detergent- and enzyme-based method and analyzed the biomaterial properties, including protein composition and content, DNA content, mechanical characteristics, surface structure, and antigen presence. In this study, we investigated the application of a decellularized adult porcine brain extracellular matrix (B-ECM) which could be processed into a hydrogel (B-ECM hydrogel) to be used as a scaffold for human embryonic stem cell (hESC)-derived brain organoids. Matrigel however is a nonspecific hydrogel of mouse tumor origin and does not represent the complexity of the brain protein environment. Current methods to generate cerebral organoids often utilize Matrigel as an external scaffold to provide structure and biologically relevant signals. erythema intertrigo Chafing.Human brain tissue models such as cerebral organoids are essential tools for developmental and biomedical research. Patients with TAC may develop a life-threatening anemia that requires immediate blood transfusion or partial exchange transfusion. These patients should be warned of the danger of exposure to parvovirus B-19 infection, informed of the early signs and symptoms, and instructed to seek medical consultation promptly if exposure is suspected. Patients with chronic hemolytic anemia may experience transient aplastic crisis (TAC). Most patients require no specific therapy. In addition, mild transient anemia, thrombocytopenia, and leukopenia may develop. Adults may also experience arthralgia and arthritis although these symptoms are less common in children. The rash usually resolves within 1 week but may occur for several weeks when the patient is exposed to heat, cold, exercise, or stress. Several days following initial erythema, a less distinct rash may appear on the extremities and trunk. Facial redness is similar to that which occurs when a child is slapped however, circumoral redness is absent. The characteristic erythema appears about 10 days later. Patients experience a mild, brief illness complaints include fever, malaise, headache, and pruritus. Transmission is thought to be via respiratory secretions from infected patients however, maternal-fetal transmission can occur and hemolytic disease of the newborn may result. The causative agent is human parvovirus B-19. A mild, moderately contagious disease seen most commonly in school-age children.